Masonary well constructed for drinking water purposes, for irrigation water supply and for foundation of bridges. Usually excavation is done up to the sub-soil water level or spring level,a curb is then laid any masonry constructed up to a height of about 3m above ground level and the sinking operation is done.
when one portion of about 3m is sunk then another 3m of masonry is constructed and sunk, and the operation nis repeated up till the required depth is reached. vertical steel tie rod and horizontal flat iron rings are provided in the masonry steining of well to prevent cracks during sinking.
Vertical tie rods and horizontal rings are usually provided up to the sub-soil water level but may also be extended up to the whole height of wall. The rate of sinking varies according to depth and diametre,and rates are usually fixed per metre for every 3m depth. Flat rate per running metre for the whole depth of sinking may also be provided. For excavation of pit up to sub-soil water level, different rates are allowed for every 1.5m depth.
When soil is bad, soft and sandy excavation of pit may be done only uo to a shallow depth, upto which digging can be done without slip and then curb may be laid and masonry constructed, and then sinking operation nis done, the excavation inside the well up to sub-soil water level is done by entering into the well.
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